Hygienic Analysis of the Nutrient Composition of the Daily Diet of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

In our study, 1375 patients (497 men and 726 women) aged 18 to 69 years were taken, who were registered at the regional endocrinological dispensary for diabetes mellitus, living in cities and villages of the Bukhara region. The study analyzed the composition and structure of 216 food rations for the summer, autumn, winter and spring seasons. The daily diet of patients and its physiological composition were compared and analyzed for compliance with Sanitary rules and regulations No. 0007-2020 "Average daily standards of rational nutrition for groups by age, sex and profession, aimed at ensuring healthy nutrition of the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan." The quantitative chemical composition of the daily diet was carried out according to the "Chemical composition of food". The analysis showed that the patients' daily diet does not meet the approved hygienic requirements. The diet includes an excess of bread and baked goods, various cereals, rice, meat, fish and dairy products, fruits and vegetables, as well as proteins from the main nutrients of the body. The daily diet of proteins in men from 21.5 to 29.5%, in women from 31.0 to 36.8%, fats from 80.2 to 87.3%, especially in winter, it was 23.3% in relation to to the norm. The amount of carbohydrates taken by the patients ranged from 135.8 to 140.4% in men and from 130.2 to 133.6% in women, respectively. The insufficient amount of vitamins and minerals in the daily diet was also studied. It was found that non-compliance with the hygienic requirements of the composition of the daily diet of controlled patients is a risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and an increase in its complications.