The Role of miRNA in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Women Associated with Endometrial Dysfunction

Abstract

Aim. To study the expression of microRNAs in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) associated with endometrial dysfunction and evaluate them as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Materials and Methods. The study included 100 women with AUB associated with endometrial dysfunction and 30 healthy women (control group). A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination was conducted, including transvaginal ultrasound, hormonal assessment, and endometrial biopsy. The expression levels of microRNA-21, microRNA-145, and microRNA-200b were assessed using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results. The levels of microRNA-21, microRNA-145, and microRNA-200b were significantly elevated in women with AUB compared to the control group. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive association between the levels of these microRNAs and endometrial thickness, hyperplasia, and chronic endometritis. The AUC values in the ROC analysis for microRNA-21, microRNA-145, and microRNA-200b were 0.87, 0.89, and 0.85, respectively, indicating high diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion. The levels of microRNA-21, microRNA-145, and microRNA-200b are significantly elevated in women with AUB associated with endometrial dysfunction. These microRNAs demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy and a positive correlation with clinical indicators, confirming their potential role in the pathogenesis of this condition. Further research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms and to develop new therapeutic approaches.