Abstract:
This study investigates the physiological effects of working conditions on employees in a pharmaceutical production workshop during warm and cold periods. Workers in the ampoule preparation department were assessed for key cardiovascular parameters, including pulse rate, blood pressure, pulse pressure, stroke volume, and cardiac output. The study involved 10-12 healthy workers, aged 40-49, with 10-15 years of experience. Data were collected at three time points—before work, before lunch, and at the end of the workday—over two weeks during both warm and cold seasons. Results showed that pulse rate significantly increased throughout the day, from 70±0.60 to 82±0.77 bpm during the warm period, and from 72±0.73 to 75±0.93 bpm during the cold period. Similarly, maximum blood pressure rose to 120±1.43 mm Hg in the warm period, while pulse pressure increased to 49.2±1.03 mm Hg. Stroke volume and cardiac output also exhibited higher values during the warm period. These findings indicate that workers face greater cardiovascular stress during warmer conditions, which may be attributed to increased ambient temperatures. The study recommends the implementation of preventive measures, particularly during hotter months, to alleviate this strain. Future research could focus on additional physiological indicators, involve a larger sample size, and explore intervention strategies to reduce cardiovascular risks in the workplace. These steps could help advance occupational health standards, particularly in industries with demanding environmental conditions.
