Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated post-infectious skin and hair disorders
in children, which are associated with deficiencies of trace elements (iron, zinc,
selenium, vitamins A and D). This article analyzes the etiological mechanisms,
clinical manifestations, and approaches to rehabilitation. According to studies
conducted in 2024–2025 among 100 children, the iron (Fe) level in hair decreased
by 30% (15.2 ± 0.5 µg/g), zinc (Zn) level — by 20% (70.5 ± 2.1 µg/g), and
polymicroelementosis was observed in 75% of cases. Oxidative stress caused by
the virus disrupts the hair follicle cycle, leading to alopecia (70%) and changes
in skin pigmentation. In rehabilitation, the use of multivitamin complexes (iron
10–20 mg/day, Zn 10–25 mg/day) and diet therapy (green vegetables, nuts)
proved effective, showing positive results in 80% of patients. The goal is early
detection of micronutrient deficiencies and optimization of skin and hair
recovery.
