Abstract:
In the general population, nodular goiter is detected in 3-5% of
patients during palpation of the thyroid gland, and in 20-35% during
screening ultrasound (US) and tissue autopsy. There are many etiological
factors for the development of nodular non-toxic goiter (goitrogens,
according to epidemiological studies conducted by the Federal
Endocrinological Sciences center, there are no regions in the Russian
Federation where the population is not at risk of developing iodine deficiency
diseases.
According to WHO, if the sporadic forms of endemic goiter are
reduced by 5%, then the IDD will be considered completely eliminated,
although today the Republic of Uzbekistan remains a region with severe
iodine deficiency. In fact, the need for iodine is 50 mcg per day for infants,
90 mcg for children from 1 to 6 years old, 120 mcg for children from 7 to 10
years old, and 150 mcg for adolescents and adults. During pregnancy and
lactation, the need for iodine increases to 200-300 mcg per day, since the
mother's body shares iodine with the fetus or nursing child.
Currently, there is no region in Uzbekistan where the population is not at
risk of developing diseases associated with iodine deficiency, since iodine
deficiency has been observed in the diet of the population in all regions of
the republic studied to date.
