PHARMACOGENOMICS: INDIVIDUALIZED DRUG SELECTION

Abstract

This article examines the scientific foundations, clinical applications, and future challenges of pharmacogenomics , a discipline that investigates how genetic variations influence drug response in individuals. It explores the molecular principles underlying drug–gene interactions, mechanisms of variability in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, examples of gene-specific drug selection, advantages and limitations of individualized therapy, ethical issues, and implementation barriers in modern healthcare. The analysis highlights the growing significance of pharmacogenomic testing in optimizing therapeutic outcomes, minimizing adverse drug reactions, and advancing personalized medicine.