Diagnostic Value of Sonographic and Doppler Parameters in Infertile Women with Endometrial Dysfunction

Abstract

Introduction. Infertility affects 10–15% of reproductive-age couples, with endometrial dysfunction being a significant contributing factor. Morphological and functional alterations reduce endometrial receptivity and impair implantation outcomes. Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic value of sonographic and Doppler parameters in infertile women with endometrial dysfunction. Materials and Methods. A prospective study included 120 women: Group I – 40 infertile women of early reproductive age, Group II – 50 infertile women of late reproductive age, and Control – 30 healthy women. Endometrial thickness, echogenicity, structure, and blood flow indices (RI, PI) were assessed. Results. Endometrial thickness was 6.2±0.21 mm and 5.7±0.20 mm in patients vs. 9.1±0.28 mm in controls (p<0.001). Hypoplasia was present in 100%, increased echogenicity in 90–92%, stromal fibrosis in 72.5–76%. Elevated RI (≥0.65) was observed in 42.5% and 54%, PI (≥1.4) in 37.5% and 48%. A strong negative correlation was found between endometrial thickness and RI (r=–0.61; p<0.001). Conclusion. Sonographic and Doppler parameters provide reliable diagnostic markers for endometrial dysfunction, supporting prediction of implantation outcomes and personalized infertility treatment strategies.