Abstract:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most important medical and social diseases
due to its widespread occurrence in the population. According to the results of large
epidemiological and clinical studies, CKD is detected in about 10% of the world's population. In
addition, patients with CKD belong to the group with a high probability of developing
complications of the cardiovascular system. Even moderate decline in kidney function leads to an
increased incidence of cardiovascular complications, and mortality rates from acute
cardiovascular events increase as kidney function deteriorates. In the 21st century, the increase in
the number of patients with CKD in all countries of the world remains one of the most pressing
problems of the healthcare system. Epidemiological data show that even the earliest stage of
subclinical disturbances in kidney function is an independent factor that increases the risk of
cardiovascular diseases and death
