Abstract:
The paper presents data on the study of the content of cytokines (IL-1β, RAIL-1β, IL-2,
IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, IFN-γ) in morning urine using enzyme immunoassay in
healthy individuals (n=20) and in patients with acute glomerulonephritis (n=93).
Determination of cytokine levels in patients was carried out at the onset of the disease and
12 months after the manifestation of the disease. The obtained indicators of cytokine
content in urine are presented as absolute values in pg/ml and values normalized to
creatinine, calculated using the formula: cytokine level (pg/ml) / urine creatinine
(µmol/ml). A study was made of changes in the content of cytokines in urine during
glomerulonephritis relative to a group of healthy individuals, as well as the dynamics of
cytokine content in urine over a 12-month observation period. The results of the study
showed that absolute values of cytokines in urine can distort the true picture of the cytokine
profile of urine in kidney pathology. Normalized values of the predominant number of
pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A and TNF-α) in
patients with glomerulonephritis were significantly higher than the corresponding
indicators in healthy individuals. Normalized cytokine values were shown to be more
sensitive indicators than absolute values when analyzing differences in the cytokine profile
in patients with glomerulonephritis depending on the acute and chronic course of the
disease. These indicators influenced the outcome of glomerulonephritis, assessed, as a
rule, 12 months after the manifestation of the disease. Thus, low levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and
IL-17A found at the onset of the disease in combination with a high level of RAIL-1β
determined the chronicity of glomerulonephritis. So, values of cytokine content in urine
normalized by creatinine expand the possibilities of using assessment of the cytokine
profile of urine to establish changes in the content of cytokines in urine in kidney
pathology and predict the nature of the clinical course of glomerulonephritis.
