Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with
atherosclerosis being a major underlying pathology. Among the various manifestations of atherosclerosis,
atherosclerotic renal artery disease (ARAD) is of particular clinical importance due to its association with
renovascular hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
Despite advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, ARAD often progresses silently and is
frequently diagnosed at advanced stages, making early identification of risk factors crucial.
