Abstract:
The incidence of COPD has increased worldwide and is a leading cause of
morbidity and mortality. Common symptoms of the disease include shortness of breath, cough,
sputum production, and changes in airway composition resulting from chronic exposure to
cigarette smoke or pollutants. Depression and anxiety aggravate obesity and lead to exacerbation
of COPD, and can also have a profound impact on health status, exercise capacity, lung function
and mortality.
