Changes in the jaw and face bone after teeth loss

Abstract

Diagnosis is exceptionally important when planning any therapy, including the necessity of implantological treatment. Replacing existing teeth or removable dentures with implant-supported fixed prosthetic constructions often requires the restoration of the alveolar ridge height. In some cases, it is necessary to increase the interalveolar distance (IAD) and normalize the ratio of the alveolar arches. Significant attention should be paid to the appearance of the middle and lower thirds of the face and the possibility of its improvement with the planned prostheses. As is known, complete tooth loss and long-term use of removable dentures often lead to a progressive, characteristic change in the patient's facial expression, which is often associated with aging (Fig. 1). Similar to the modeling of a complete removable denture, when creating a complete implant-supported fixed denture, all factors that may affect the functioning of the dentoalveolar system should be considered. First of all, this concerns the formation of an adequate occlusal scheme, ensuring the normal functioning of the temporomandibular joints and diction.