Efficacy of titanium implants and endopr osthetic mesh in surgical reconstruction of zygomatico-orbital complex fractures

Abstract

Orbital floor reconstruction following zygomatico-orbital complex (ZOC) fractures remains one of the most technically demanding challenges in maxillofacial surgery. While titanium miniplates are the gold standard for zygomatic arch and infraorbital rim fixation, orbital floor defects require additional support to prevent enophthalmos and persistent diplopia. Titanium endoprosthetic mesh (TEM) has emerged as a versatile material offering rigidity, biocompatibility, and precise contouring. However, data on its application in a Central Asian clinical context, including long-term functional outcomes and complication profiles, remain limited.